WIMS技术资料

本文件目前显示成integral格式. 你也可以改成 indexed或 folding格式. 这里还有 总帮助以及关于WIMS的 一篇文章.

-------- 目　录 --------

Wims是什么?

 WIMS (Www Interactive Multipurpose Server, 网上互动式多功能服务站) 是以数学教学为目的的因特网服务系统.

Wims服务器的核心程序是一个cgi(wims.cgi), 再加上称为``模块''的各种活动的单元.

用户通过对 wims.cgi 的 http 请求进入服务器, 所请求的模块名、请求类型以及有关模块的参数被一起送到服务器. wims.cgi根据随请求一起传送的参数对所需模块进行处理, 然后把模块返回的结果发送给用户.

一个模块一般是一批脚本文件, 放在同一个目录里. 这些脚本使用 wims.cgi 能识别的特殊语言写成.

脚本语言里也含有调用外部程序(特别是各种数学软件)的命令, 以进行复杂的计算. 这些命令也由 wims.cgi 加以处理, 通过接口程序传送出去, 再送回经过过滤的输出.

目录

Wims的能力示例

当前版本的 wims 4.27a 有以下模块可以展示 wims 系统的能力.

目录

与其它方法作比较

Wims相对于其它本地安装软件的优点

  1. 用户不需要对软件安装或升级. 背景软件的安装与升级都是由服务器完成的. 对于用户机器来说, 只要有一个通用的网页浏览器就够了, 而且不一定要最新的版本.
  2. 不需要学习各种软件包的用法与语法. 由于wims使用html标准作为用户界面, 为了使用wims, 用户或者学生只要具有上网浏览的知识就够了, 这在目前可以看成是常识了.
    而目前任何一种数学软件都不是这样的. 用户在使用它们前都需要有一个训练阶段. 这个训练阶段可能不会太短. 而且使用一种特定软件的经验并非普遍适用, 更何况这种经验可能只有不长的存续时间. 此外, 教授商业软件的使用知识也有悖于公共教育机构的商业中立性.
  3. 提供了汇集整个数学教育界的知识和经验的手段. Wims是一个模块系统, 其中每一个活动都是分离的模块, 它们之间的联系是通过通常的html方法实现的. 这使得模块可以独立地、远程地开发. 我们希望越来越多的教育者可以通过创建新模块或改进已有模块的方式把他们的知识和经验加入wims系统.
  4. 允许学生和教师通过多种方式互动. 以 班级结构组织起来的wims系统允许教师为他们的学生布置作业, 而且从学生的实时进展情况获得可信的信息. 这使得教师可对学生实行更有针对性的指导. 这样以因特网为基础的系统的最大优点是没有网站限制, 在任何(本地或远程的)网站上做的工作都是有效的.
  5. 提供不同成分之间, 例如练习与计算工具间的动态互动. 例如目前已有的练习软件都不能像wims那样提供与计算工具联动的易用接口.
  6. 对于某些任务, wims比任何已有的软件更加有力. 这是因为wims可以使用不同软件作为后台引擎, 甚至调动几个软件解决一个任务或请求.

Wims相对于其它本地安装软件的缺点

  1. 反应慢. 这是因为wims的请求都要通过因特网, 这可随着因特网速度的提高而得到改善.
  2. 有限的计算与编程能力. 如果用户有繁重的计算任务或者需要设计复杂的脚本才能完成计算, 他当然应该直接使用适当的软件. Wims不是用来解决这类问题的.
  3. 有限的图形界面能力. html的图形用户界面不适合需要互动的工作.

Wims对手持计算器的优点

  1. 易于使用. Wims使用的网页用户界面比任何计算器更易于理解.
  2. 功能更强.

Wims 对手持计算器的缺点

  1. 不是可携带的. 只有与因特网相连的计算机才能进入wims.

Wims相对于只以java或javascript为基础的互动式网页应用程序的优点

  1. 能力更强, 功能更多样. 由于wims在应用中可以嵌入java或javascript程序, 经过巧妙设计的wims应用能够扩展java或javascript的能力.
    而且wims可以做得更多: 尽管从理论上说, 可以发展java应用程序使得它与wims的后台软件具有同样强的能力, 但这需要花太大的力气(设想一下, 用java重写TeX可能吗?), 即使写出来也是其大无比, 不可能在http询问时装入.
  2. 更易于发展. 这是因为wims语言以html为基础(易于学习), 而且为此目的作了扩展.
  3. 允许学生教师间互动. 以服务器为基础的与学生互动的设计允许与主持教师的后台交流, 还可以作解题分析, 指导教师的自动干预等.

Wims相对于只以java或javascript为基础的互动式网页应用程序的缺点

  1. 反应速度慢. 这是因为wims的请求都要通过因特网, 这可随着因特网速度的提高而得到改善. 在需要快速反应的场合, 也可以在wims模块里嵌入java或javascript.

目录

Wims目前的功能

  1. 写html网页时可以利用可编程的扩展: 变量替换、条件分支等. 这个对html的扩充不需要在浏览器端增加任何插件, 因为所有wims命令都是由服务器处理的, 送给用户的已经是标准的html网页.
    举例来说, 这样你可以定义各种网页格式并能动态变换格式.
    并且这样的扩展可以和当前的所有html标准共存, 包括java applets, javascripts, 嵌入对象, dhtml等. 这是因为wims扩展严格遵循行间隔的原则 (即wims命令必须是行的起首词), 而html标准与换行无关.
    因此甚至能把wims扩展嵌入javascripts, applets, dhtml...
  2. 图形、TeX格式的数学公式可以动态插入html网页. 例如你可以把下面的一行命令插入wims扩展html页. 在浏览器端, 用户可以看到一个TeX格式的矩阵, 其内容由变量 $matrix 的值确定: 
          !instex $$ \left( $matrix \right) $$
    此外, 实现了动态插入后, 以后的升级就不需对模块作任何改动. (比方说, 如果有更好的方法生成数学公式, 只要在服务器端作简单的改动, 就能使所有的 !instex 命令行同时采用新标准.)
  3. 内嵌图形可以是动画! 例见工具 轨迹动画 .
  4. 提供直接调用外部软件包的界面. 例如你可以用下面的命令行定义一个变量 `factor': 
          factor=!exec pari print(factor($number))
    在执行这一行时, 变量 $number 将用它的当前值代入, 然后用命令串 `print(factor(<value of $number>))' 调用软件包 `PARI' 执行此命令. 从输出结果中挑出所需的值赋给变量 `factor'.
    在wims 4.27a 里提供的界面有: PARI, Maxima, MuPAD, Coq, Povray, gnuplot, PostgreSQL, Fly (gif作图), CALC (作者Keith Matthew).
  5. 既简单又适应性强的语言. Wims模块使用的语言是广泛使用的html语言的扩展. 这个扩展语言设计得简单易用, 又贴近自然语言. 并且尽可能接受同义词. 例如为了插入另一文件的内容, 你不必记住wims命令是 include (如C), 或 input (如TeX), 因为两者都有效.
  6. 方便的串操作指令: 如利用正则表示式作置换, 从项目表中提取子集合, 字符重排, 数学公式赋值等.
  7. 易用的内嵌数学符号: 只要输入 $m_pi 就能得到 pi, $m_RR 得到 RR, $m_le 得到 le, $m_Rightarrow 得到 Rightarrow, 等等.
  8. 对数学公式的智能化处理: 内建的解释程序能够在容许范围内接受简化的表达式, 例如 2y (即 2*y) 或 (x+1)(x-1) (即 (x+1)*(x-1)), 也能把原始数学表达式转化成美观的html源码 (如 x^3-3*x^2+1*x-5 转化为 x3-3x2+x-5 ), 或转为TeX源码.
  9. 强有力的随机性能: 如随机置换(字符重排), 从数据库随机挑选记录, 随机文件名等.

目录

活动的在线开发

Wims系统提供了在线直接创建与开发wims模块的方便. 为此, 你只要点击服务器主页上的相应链接.

最容易的是创建 简单互动式练习 , 这并不需要多少计算机语言的知识, 不过这样创建的练习功能有限, 也缺少变化.

另一方面你也可以完全在线地开发 全功能WIMS模块. 为安全起见, 你先要向网站管理员索取 登录名/密码 对. 一旦登录后, 就可以在特殊的开发区域里创建和开发你的模块, 没有数量限制. 当你完成了模块开发后, 就可以要求网站管理员把它移到公开的地方.

目录

Wims基本结构

Wims服务器的核心是cgi程序, 通常称为wims.cgi. 它截取所有对服务器的http请求, 然后做以下工作:
  1. 调用用户请求的模块, 并按照模块的要求处理参数与变量.
  2. 会话管理.
  3. 把处理结果送回用户.
  4. 写下各种记录文件.

Wims的模块

Wims服务器是一个模块系统, 其模块就是各种应用. 在发送给wims的每个请求里, 用户都会选择一个模块.

Wims的模块可以是(任何程度的)互动式课程或练习, 计算工具, 辞典, 数学游戏, 数据库或上述各种的混合.

Wims的模块是各自独立的. 每个模块有自己的目录, 它也是模块的地址, 模块的所有文件都在这个目录里. 不同的模块有不同的作者与维护者, 而且可以有不同的版权原则.

同一个wims网站的模块之间并无联系, 除非通过超文本链接从一个模块进入另一个.

如何进入一个wims服务站

可通过对cgi主程序的请求进入wims, 例如 
https://wims.univ-cotedazur.fr/wims/wims.cgi
通常应该后接一批参数. 不带参数的请求将带到网站的wims主页.

wims.cgi的参数是通常的http name=value 对, 这里的 name 域的取值如下:

例: 
http://wims.unice.fr/~wims/wims.cgi?cmd=new&module=tool/algebra/factor.cn
是对 wims.unice.fr 的wims服务器的请求, `cmd' 的值为 `new' , 模块名是 `tool/algebra/factor.cn'.

如何使用主持教师界面

注册班级的主持教师可以通过同一个网址(即cgi主程序)维护他的班级或监察学生的活动, 只要作为主持教师登录即可. 所有的选项都可通过html链接或按钮来实现.

目录

Wims模块的结构

每个wims模块有自己的主目录, 其中存放模块的所有文件.

一个模块至少要有下列文件:

通常还有以下(可选的)文件:

还可以有许多其它文件, 像 README 文件, 一些帮助页, 一个 about 页, 图形文件或者被上述文件调用的文件.

变量处理文件

文件 var.init, var.proc, 以及被这两个文件调用的文件都是变量处理文件.

变量处理文件由行组成, 行与行之间由换行符分隔, 但是接在 \ 后面的换行符不起分隔作用. 变量处理文件的每一行只能是以下类型之一:

  1. 注解行, 它的第一个非空格字符只能是 #, 或者 ! 后接另一个 !.
  2. 变量定义行, 其形式为 name=value. value 的内容可以是一个字符串(如果这个串里含有换行号, 它的前面必须加上 \), 或者是wims变量命令 (它的起始字符必须是 !).
  3. 命令行, 它的第一个非空格字符必须是 !, 后接命令名以及可选的参数.
    如果此命令产生输出字符串, 这个输出将被忽略.
  4. 标记行, 它的第一个非空格字符必须是 :, 后接标记名. 在标记名后面的内容都被看作注解, 不被处理.
    标记用于跳转命令 !goto.
    以字符 '*' 的标记是万用的, 能与 !goto 命令的任何标记匹配.
    如果此命令产生输出字符串, 这个输出将被忽略.
  5. 不符合上述4条的行将得到一个出错信息.

phtml文件

文件 main.phtml, intro.phtml, 以及这两个文件调用的任何文件都是phtml(可编程html)文件.

除去第一个非空格字符是 ! 或 : 的行以外, phtml文件是一个通常的html文件.

如同变量处理文件, \ 后面的换行符不被看成产生新行.

如同变量处理文件, 以 : 起首的行是标记行.

如同变量处理文件, 以 ! 起首的行是命令行. 但是与变量处理文件不同, 命令输出的字符串被插入html页的这一行里,

不属于上述两种类型的行则经过变量替换后发送给http用户.

目录

模块内的变量

变量的定义与替换

Wims的变量只有一种类型: 它们都是字符串变量. 对变量的赋值是通过变量命令 !eval 实现的.

变量的定义或改变可由变量处理文件完成, 或使用命令 !let 与 _. 对于变量名的长度以及变量值的长度都有限制. (由服务器的配置确定.)

在变量处理文件或phtml文件的任何地方(甚至在变量定义命令行的名称栏) 都可以进行变量替换. 以字符 $ 起首的字母串被认为是变量名, 而且在包含它的命令行被处理时被替换成它的值.

变量替换的特殊规则:

被保留的变量名

以下名称有特殊意义, 不能用在任何模块的内部名称里.

目录

有特殊意义的变量


Wims服务器使用的变量
wims_exec_error 用于存放被 !exec. 调用的外部程序产生的出错信息. 因此每执行一次 !exec 命令, 此变量就被改写.
wims_module_log 是独立模块的执行记录文件名: 如果此变量非空, 则在用户请求的进程结束时, wims.cgi 就把它的内容放到模块的执行记录文件里.
wims_version 放置wims服务器的当前版本.
wims_version_date 放置服务器程序最新编译的日期.
wims_site_manager 含有网站的配置文件 wims.conf 里定义的管理员的电邮地址. 模块中不应改变此地址.
wims_print_precision 当赋值结果 (通过命令 !eval 或 NaN 计算)被转化成字符序列时的打印精度. 默认值: 8 (可在wims.conf里修改).
wims_warn_... 是 ...
wims_compare_precision 用于定义wims比较两个数值量时的容许误差. 公式为: 如果
abs(a-b)*$wims_compare_precision<abs(a+b)+1/$wims_compare_precision.
则命令 !ifval a=b 的返回值是 TRUE (真). 默认值: 10000 (可在wims.conf里修改).
wims_texsize 用于改变模块里的TeX字体大小. 默认值是0(不变). 可以取 1,2,... (增大)或 -1,-2... (减小).
wims_homeref_parm 保留给命令 !homeref 将来使用.
wims_homeref_bgcolor 是...
wims_rawmath_functions 用于告诉 rawmath 子程序, 这个变量值里包含的词应被看作函数名. 这些词相互用空格或逗号分隔.
wims_rawmath_variables 用于告诉 rawmath 子程序, 这个变量值里包含的词应被看作数学变量名. 这些词相互用空格或逗号分隔.
wims_ref_name 给出 wims 服务器的名字 (本服务器是 https://wims.univ-cotedazur.fr/~wims/wims.cgi)
httpd_HTTP_HOST 给出 wims 服务器的地址 (本服务器是 wims.univ-cotedazur.fr)
wims_ref_target 定义了命令 !href, !homeref, !form 的目标. 在这些命令执行后, 它的值不会自动重置为空. (默认值是空串, 意指目标就是当前文件.)
wims_ref_id 定义了命令 !href 里的 id (<a ... id=" ">). 在命令后它的值被自动重置为空. (默认值是空串)
wims_ref_class 定义了命令 !href 里的 css class (<a ... class=" ">). 在命令后它的值被自动重置为空. (默认值是空串)
wims_ref_title 定义了命令 !href 里的 title (<a ... title=" ">). 在命令后它的值被自动重置为空. (默认值是空串)
wims_html_header 是所有模块的html输出的标准html头部. 它的值由文件 html/header.phtml 定义. 建议在生成模块时利用此变量定义html头部.
wims_expire 用于定义发送给用户的网页的有效期. 最好不要动它, 除非你清楚知道你在做什么.
module_init_parm 是...


保留给动态插入使用的变量
ins_align 确定内嵌图形相对于文字基线的位置. 可取的值为: bottom(底部对齐), middle(中间对齐) 或 top(顶部对齐). 默认值为空(指底部对齐).
ins_attr 用于定义动态插入的各种属性. 例如: 
  ins_attr = align=middle
(使图形中线与文字基线对齐), 或 
  ins_attr = ismap
(鼠标点击的坐标将被发送给服务器; 如果此对象的链接是wims服务器, 那么坐标将被记录在变量 no_name 里.)
在动态插入以后, 此变量重置为空.
ins_border 用于定义经过动态插入得到的html元素 IMG 的边框宽度. 它的值应该是正数.
在动态插入以后, 此变量重置为空.
ins_density 用于定义动态插入的密度. 默认值: 100x100 .
请避免使用这些变量! 我们正计划取消它们. 它们将被服务器管理的变量取代.
ins_format 用于确定动态插入的图形文件格式: 它的值只能是 gif 或 jpg. 默认值是 gif (可在文件 wims.conf 里改变此值; 但不推荐).
某些动态插入可能不受此变量影响.
ins_quality 用于定义动态插入的图形转换质量. 它的值应该在0与100之间. 只对图形格式为jpg的动态插入有影响.
ins_tag 用于表格内的动态插入. 此时定义
ins_tag=form name
这里的 name 是html元素 IMG 在表格内的名称(可选).
在动态插入以后, 此变量重置为空.

insdraw_size 是 ...
insplot_data 是 ...
insplot_font 是 ...
insplot_set 是 ...
insplot_split 是 ...
insplot_transparent 用于定义插入的透明色彩. 默认值是空(不透明). 常用值: 255,255,255(透明白色).


保留给软件的变量
wims_backslash_insmath 是 ...
pari_precision (在 oef ??)
print_precision
maxima_precision
wims_multiexec

目录

数据结构

数组

在wims语言中对于数组并没有特殊的语法. 不过有可能设计类似于数组的变量结构, 以整数甚至字符串作为下标. 这可通过嵌套的变量替换实现. 例如 ...

字符串的域

Wims的变量都是字符串变量. 有3种方法把一个串分成几个域:

本节尚未完成. 抱歉.

目录

命令表

Wims命令可同时用于变量处理文件以及phtml文件. 命令就是以 ! 起首的一个词.

命令分成两种类型:

某些命令既是执行命令又是变量命令.

命令可以接受参数, 参数就是接在后面的词. 参数间用空格或其它词(由命令决定)分隔.

这里是所有命令表.

目录

内嵌数学符号表

符号名以对应的TeX名为依据.


符号名称
alpha, beta, gamma,... pi,... omega $m_alpha,$m_beta,$m_gamma...$m_pi...$m_omega
Gamma, Delta, Lambda, Phi, Psi, Pi, Sigma, Theta, Xi, Upsilon, Omega $m_Gamma, $m_Delta, $m_Lambda, $m_Phi, $m_Psi, $m_Pi, $m_Sigma, $m_Theta, $m_Upsilon, $m_Xi, $m_Omega
varepsilon, varphi, wp, ell, Re, Im $m_varepsilon, $m_varphi, $m_wp, $m_ell, $m_Re, $m_Im
aleph, infty, nabla, partial $m_aleph, $m_infty, $m_nabla, $m_partial
AA, CC, RR, QQ, ZZ ... $m_AA, $m_CC, $m_RR, $m_QQ, $m_ZZ ...
calA, calB,... calM,... calZ $m_calA, $m_calB,... $m_calM,... $m_calZ
eufa, eufb,... eufm,... eufz $m_eufa, $m_eufb,... $m_eufm,... $m_eufz
le, ge, pm, times, div $m_le, $m_ge, $m_pm, $m_times, $m_div
neq, equiv, cong, approx $m_neq, $m_equiv, $m_cong, $m_approx
leftarrow, rightarrow, mapsto, Leftarrow, Rightarrow, Leftrightarrow $m_leftarrow, $m_rightarrow, $m_mapsto, $m_Leftarrow, $m_Rightarrow, $m_Leftrightarrow
exists, forall, in, emptyset $m_exists, $m_forall, $m_in, $m_emptyset
subset, supset, subseteq, supseteq, cap, cup, prec, succ $m_subset, $m_supset, $m_subseteq, $m_supseteq, $m_cap, $m_cup, $m_prec, $m_succ
sum, prod, coprod, surd $m_sum, $m_prod, $m_coprod, $m_surd
int, oint, Vert, oplus, otimes $m_int, $m_oint, $m_Vert, $m_oplus, $m_otimes
bigtriangleup, bigtriangledown, bigvee, bigwedge $m_bigtriangleup, $m_bigtriangledown, $m_bigvee, $m_bigwedge

此外, 大型括号可由以下名称得到: $m_leftpar2, $m_leftpar3,..., $m_leftpar10 与 $m_rightpar2, $m_rightpar3,..., $m_rightpar10. 它们可用于行数等于 2,3,...,10 的矩阵. 对 leftbrace 与 rightbrace 有同样的情形.

目录

slib(脚本库)表

Scripts in this library can be called from modules using the command !read (or !readproc from within a phtml file). For example, the line 
 !read slib/matrix/random 3, 5, 10
generates a 3×5 matrix with random integer coefficients in [-10, 10]. The result is placed in the variable slib_out. To call an slib script from OEF exercises, documents or forum messages, use the function slib().

Only variables prefixed by slib_ are modified by these scripts.

Available scripts in slib


All
Output
algebra/partitionconjPartition conjugate []
algebra/partitiondrawYoung diagram drawing of a partition []
algebra/partitionlexNext partition in the lexicographic decreasing order []
algebra/slopedrawPolygone trac� � partir des pentes (dessin) []
analysis/inversedomainInverse image of domains []
analysis/odejsDraw solutions of a differential system (with jsxgraph). []
analysis/odejs2Draw a solution of a differential system: x' []
analysis/odephasePhase portrait of a differential system []
analysis/rungekuttaEquation diff閞entielle (par Runge-Kutta) experimental en faire une liste sans dessin []
analysis/slopefieldDirection field (for example for differential equation system) []
chemistry/brut2htmlHTML form of the formula of a mol閏ule []
chemistry/checkmolCheck Mol []
chemistry/chemeq_addComputes a combination of chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_compareComparing chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_componentsChemical components []
chemistry/chemeq_elReturns the number of electrons in a redox reaction []
chemistry/chemeq_equilibriumAnalysing the equilibrium in chemical formulas []
chemistry/chemeq_massMolar Mass []
chemistry/chemeq_periodic_tableInsert Mendeleiev's periodic table in the page []
chemistry/chemeq_revReturns a chemical equation reversed []
chemistry/chemeq_rqTypeset reaction quotients and Nernst laws for chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_stostoechiometric coefficients []
chemistry/chemeq_texTypeset molecules and chemical equations []
chemistry/chemformulaChem formula []
chemistry/chemshowDessin d'une mol閏ule en 2D []
chemistry/cramCram representation []
chemistry/jmolbuttonButton in Jmol. Has to be inserted AFTER the Jmol applet. []
chemistry/jmolcheckboxCheckbox Button in Jmol []
chemistry/jmolradiogroupRadio Group in Jmol []
chemistry/jmolshowJmol Applet []
chemistry/leftindleft and right indices and exponents []
chemistry/molarmassMolar Mass []
chemistry/moldrawDessin en flydraw ou en canvasdraw de la mol閏ule []
chemistry/moleculePeriodic table []
chemistry/newmanNewman projection []
chemistry/reactiondrawDessin en canvasdraw d'une r閍ction []
circuits/complistList available circuit components []
circuits/compposComponent position information of a circuit type. []
circuits/drawDraw circuit scheme according a circuit type. []
circuits/drawcompDraw circuit components according to a circuit type. []
circuits/drawwireDraw the fixed circuit wiring of a given circuit type. []
circuits/rangeSize and range information of a circuit type. []
coding/editorWYSIWYG code editor []
coding/runcodeRun code []
data/columnsortSort data according to a column []
data/randlineTake a random line of a data file []
data/randomRandomly selects a number of (different) objects []
data/randrecTake a random field of a record file []
draw/balanceBalance (Roberval) []
draw/brokenlinegraphDraw a continuous stepwise affine function from the points where slpe changes []
draw/clockDraw a clock according to given time []
draw/convpixelConversion pixel image coordinates - mathematical coordinates []
draw/dominoDomino []
draw/drtgradueeGraduatied line []
draw/graphvizGraphviz []
draw/graphvizpointsCoordinates of the nodes of a graph by Graphviz []
draw/meterMeter []
draw/polygonRegular polygon []
draw/radar Radar []
draw/randpolygonPolygone quelconque []
draw/rangeRange []
draw/repdroiteComputes the coordinates of extreme points to draw a line in a frame []
draw/repereDraw a coordinate frame []
draw/rosetteDraw a rosette []
draw/thermometerThermometer []
function/boundsThe bound of a real function of one variable within an interval [x1,x2] []
function/bounds2The bound of a real function of two variables within a rectangle [x1,x2],[y1,y2] []
function/integrateIndefinite or definite integration of a function of one variable []
function/tabsignesTableau de signes d'une fonction num閞ique []
games/chessimageChessboard []
geo2D/geogebraGeogebra HTML 5 []
geo2D/jsxgraphPlugin for JSXGraph responsive []
geo2D/offdrawConversion d'un dessin 2D cod� dans la syntaxe off en canvasdraw []
geo2D/polynetDessin d'un patron al閍toire du poly鑔re []
geo2D/squaretileSquare tile []
geo3D/3Dviewer3D Viewer []
geo3D/drawPolyedron in flydraw []
geo3D/drawtileLattice of cubes []
geo3D/off2jmolFormat off to xyz []
geo3D/off2xyzFormat off to xyz []
geo3D/polyhedraPolyhedra applet []
geo3D/polyhedradualPolyhedra applet and its dual []
geo3D/polynetPatron d'un poly鑔re en 3D []
graph/connexcomponentConnex component of a vertex in a graph []
graph/connexityConnex components of a simple graph []
graph/distanceMatrix of diameter of a graph []
graph/drawGraph draw []
graph/drawccGraph draw with one colored connex component []
graph/drawtreeTree draw []
graph/gptOriented graph without circuit []
graph/graphvizGraphviz []
graph/pathPath of a graph []
graph/randomconnexrandom connex graph []
graph/randomeulerrandom eulerian graph []
graph/randtreeRandom tree []
graph/shortpathShortest path of a graph []
graphpaper/correct_milliGraphic paper sheet with red correct plot preloaded []
graphpaper/funcOne function plot, ready to append to a previously made graph paper []
graphpaper/func_milliGraphic paper sheet with function plot and red correct plot preloaded []
graphpaper/imgpointsUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/millimetreGraphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/stringsPrepare strings to be written on a graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/tographUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/whereclickUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []
lang/enword2ipaIPA transcription of english words []
lang/epd2ipaIPA transcription according to epd ascii codage (for english) []
lang/fnameA random firstname []
lang/fraccordAccord of French adjectives and names []
lang/frapostropheApostrophe reduction of a French text []
lang/frartdefTransform a French noun into definite form []
lang/frcodcoiFind a random complement of a French verb []
lang/frverbconjThe conjugation of a French verb []
lang/imagesImages in some datamodule []
lang/itdetermartItalian "articolo determinativo" []
lang/randomwordOutput random words in the dictionary []
lang/sampa2ipaIPA transcription according to Sampa Ascii codage (for english) []
lang/swacInsertion of words (audio) from the swac packs []
life/frcommodityGive a random commodity with given price, French []
list/selshufSelective shuffle []
matrix/concateconcatenation []
matrix/detThe determinant of a square matrix []
matrix/givenrankGenerates a random matrix of given rank []
matrix/inverseThe inverse of a square matrix []
matrix/invertibleGenerates a random invertible matrix []
matrix/itriangularGenerates a random invertible triangular matrix []
matrix/non0Generates a random matrix with non-zero coefficients []
matrix/orthogonalGenerates a random orthogonal matrix []
matrix/randomGenerates a random matrix []
matrix/traceThe trace of a square matrix []
matrix/transposeThe transpose of a matrix []
matrix/triangularGenerates a random triangular matrix []
matrix/unimodularGenerates a random unimodular matrix []
media/audioAudio insertion []
media/dewplayerAudio insertion with dewplayer []
media/playerAudio insertion with hbs_mp3_player []
media/player_mp3_multiAudio insertion with player_mp3_multi []
media/videoVideo insertion []
nuclear/nucleideData about nucleides, or LaTeX typesetting []
nuclear/reactionTypesetting nuclear reactions from plain text formulas []
numeration/babylonienEcriture Babylonienne d'un nombre entier []
numeration/baseblockBase blocks in numeration []
numeration/basepPassage de la base dix vers la base p. []
numeration/ecriturelettreWriting of a number in letters. []
numeration/ecriturenombreWriting a number with grouping the numbers by three. []
numeration/egyptienEcriture Egyptienne d'un nombre entier []
numeration/romainNum閞ation romaine []
oef/blankBlank []
oef/codelimOEF code length limit register []
oef/codenameRegister OEF code reply name allow/deny []
oef/envGet an OEF environment variable []
oef/insfilenameOutput the file name of the last insert []
oef/newfileSave a text in a file []
oef/postsrcOEF code input postpender []
oef/presrcOEF code input prepender []
oef/sortorderSort order []
polynomial/randomRandom polynomial []
set/subsetSubsets of a set []
stat/1dComputes 1-dimensional statistical data []
stat/arithmeanArithmetic mean of statistical data []
stat/betaGeneration of beta random data []
stat/betacdfCumulative distribution function of a Beta law []
stat/betainvQuantiles of a Beta law []
stat/betapdfProbability density function of a Beta law []
stat/binomialGeneration of binomial random data []
stat/binomialcdfcumulative distribution function of Binomial law []
stat/binomialinvQuantile of Binomial law []
stat/binomialpdfProbability density function of the binomial law []
stat/boxplotBox plot []
stat/cauchyGeneration of Cauchy random data []
stat/cauchycdfCumulative distribution function of Cauchy law []
stat/cauchyinvQuantile of Cauchy law []
stat/cauchypdfProbability density function of Cauchy law []
stat/chi2Generation of chi-square random data []
stat/chi2cdfChi-square cumulative distribution function []
stat/chi2invQuantile of a chi-square distribution []
stat/chi2pdf Chi-square probability density function []
stat/correlationMatrix of correlation []
stat/covarianceMatrix of covariance []
stat/deviationDeviation of statistical data []
stat/discretelawGeneration of a discrete law with nonnegative coefficients []
stat/effectifEffectifs of statistical series in classes []
stat/empiricGeneration of random numbers with a discrete law []
stat/exponentialGeneration of exponential random numbers []
stat/exponentialcdfCumulative distribution function of exponential law []
stat/exponentialinvQuantile of exponential law []
stat/exponentialpdfProbability density function of exponential law []
stat/fisherGeneration of Fisher random data []
stat/fishercdfFisher cumulative distribution function. []
stat/fisherinvQuantiles of a Fisher law (also called F-distribution) []
stat/fisherpdfFisher probability density function []
stat/freqFrequencies of statistical data []
stat/gammaGeneration of Gamma random data []
stat/gammacdfCumulative distribution function of Gamma law []
stat/gammainvQuantile of a Gamma distribution []
stat/gammapdfGamma probability density function []
stat/geomeanGeometric mean of data []
stat/geometricGeneration of random data with a Geometric distribution on N []
stat/geometric1Generation of random data with a Geometric distribution on N* []
stat/geometric1cdf Cumulative distribution function of a Geometric distribution on N* []
stat/geometric1invQuantiles of a Geometric law on N* []
stat/geometric1pdfProbability density function of a Geometric law on N* []
stat/geometriccdfCumulative distribution function of a Geometric law on N []
stat/geometricinvQuantiles of a Geometric law on N []
stat/geometricpdfProbability density function of geometric law on N []
stat/harmonicHarmonic mean of statistical data []
stat/histoHistogram []
stat/hypergeometricGeneration of Hypergeometric random data []
stat/hypergeometriccdfCumulative distribution function of a hypergeometric law []
stat/hypergeometricinvQuantile of hypergeometric law inverse []
stat/hypergeometricpdfProbability density function of a Hypergeometric law []
stat/laplaceGeneration of Laplace random data []
stat/laplacecdf Laplace cumulative distribution function []
stat/laplaceinvQuantiles of the Laplace law []
stat/laplacepdfLaplace probability density function []
stat/linearcongGeneration of linear congruential random integers []
stat/logisticGeneration of logistic random data []
stat/logisticcdfLogistic cumulative distribution function []
stat/logisticinvQuantile of the logistic law []
stat/logisticpdfProbability density function of the logistic law []
stat/lognormalGeneration of lognormal random data []
stat/lognormalcdfCumulative distribution function of log-normal law []
stat/lognormalinvQuantile of log-normal law []
stat/lognormalpdfProbability density function of log-normal law []
stat/medianData median []
stat/multinomialGeneration of multinomial random data []
stat/nbinGeneration of Negative binomial random data []
stat/nbincdfCumulative distribution function of the Negative Binomial law []
stat/nbininvQuantile of a Negative Binomial law. []
stat/nbinpdfProbability density function of a Negative Binomial law []
stat/normalGeneration of Gaussian random data []
stat/normalcdfCumulative distribution function of the normal distribution []
stat/normalinvQuantile of the normal law []
stat/normalpdfProbability density function of the normal law []
stat/pascalGeneration of Pascal random data []
stat/pascalcdfCumulative distribution function of the Pascal law []
stat/pascalinvQuantile of a Pascal law. []
stat/pascalpdfProbability density function of a Pascal law []
stat/piechart Pie chart []
stat/poissonGeneration of random numbers with Poisson law []
stat/poissoncdf Poisson cumulative distribution function []
stat/poissoninvQuantile of a Poisson law []
stat/poissonpdfProbability density function of a Poisson law []
stat/posdiscretelawGeneration of a discrete law with positive coefficients []
stat/prodProduct of data []
stat/quadraticQuadratic mean []
stat/quantileQuantile []
stat/randomGeneration of random numbers []
stat/rangeData range []
stat/studentGeneration of Student random data []
stat/studentcdfStudent cumulative distribution function []
stat/studentinvQuantile of a Student law []
stat/studentpdfProbability density function of a Student law []
stat/sumData sum []
stat/varianceVariance []
stat/weibullGeneration of Weibull random data []
stat/weibullcdfCumulative distribution function of Weibull law []
stat/weibullinvQuantile of Weibull law []
stat/weibullpdfProbability density function of Weibull law []
text/approximationCalculate an approximation interval for a given real []
text/balloonTalking Balloons (Cartoon style) []
text/cdecommentExtract comment from a c source code. []
text/comblinSimplify a linear combination []
text/crosswordCrossword []
text/cutchoice2Cut out embedded choices for OEF []
text/cutchoicesCut out embedded choices for OEF []
text/markerrorFor marking words with mistake []
text/markgroupFor marking group of words with given explanation []
text/marktextTexte for use with type mark for OEF (word) []
text/marktextpartialFor marking some words with given explanation []
text/markwordFor use with type mark in OEF []
text/matrixhtmlTransform a matrix into html matrix (table). []
text/matrixinsertInsert a coefficient in a matrix []
text/matrixtex Matrix in Latex []
text/maximamatrixTransform a matrix to maxima format []
text/octavematrixTransform an octave output matrix into standard format []
text/sigunitsMake a representation of a physical quantity with a given number of significative digits []
text/spiraleWrite on a spirale []
text/whitespaceReplace white spaces []
triplerelation/tabularDouble entry table for training to relations between three quantities []
utilities/dateDate []
utilities/mathcalcMathcalc []
utilities/nopasteNo copy-paste []
utilities/notepadNotepad []
utilities/tooltipTooltip containing an html text which appears when the mouse points on a word. []
utilities/trigo-calcInline Trigonometric calculator []


algebra
Output
algebra/partitionconjPartition conjugate []
algebra/partitiondrawYoung diagram drawing of a partition []
algebra/partitionlexNext partition in the lexicographic decreasing order []
algebra/slopedrawPolygone trac� � partir des pentes (dessin) []


analysis
Output
analysis/inversedomainInverse image of domains []
analysis/odejsDraw solutions of a differential system (with jsxgraph). []
analysis/odejs2Draw a solution of a differential system: x' []
analysis/odephasePhase portrait of a differential system []
analysis/rungekuttaEquation diff閞entielle (par Runge-Kutta) experimental en faire une liste sans dessin []
analysis/slopefieldDirection field (for example for differential equation system) []


chemistry
Output
chemistry/brut2htmlHTML form of the formula of a mol閏ule []
chemistry/checkmolCheck Mol []
chemistry/chemeq_addComputes a combination of chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_compareComparing chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_componentsChemical components []
chemistry/chemeq_elReturns the number of electrons in a redox reaction []
chemistry/chemeq_equilibriumAnalysing the equilibrium in chemical formulas []
chemistry/chemeq_massMolar Mass []
chemistry/chemeq_periodic_tableInsert Mendeleiev's periodic table in the page []
chemistry/chemeq_revReturns a chemical equation reversed []
chemistry/chemeq_rqTypeset reaction quotients and Nernst laws for chemical equations []
chemistry/chemeq_stostoechiometric coefficients []
chemistry/chemeq_texTypeset molecules and chemical equations []
chemistry/chemformulaChem formula []
chemistry/chemshowDessin d'une mol閏ule en 2D []
chemistry/cramCram representation []
chemistry/jmolbuttonButton in Jmol. Has to be inserted AFTER the Jmol applet. []
chemistry/jmolcheckboxCheckbox Button in Jmol []
chemistry/jmolradiogroupRadio Group in Jmol []
chemistry/jmolshowJmol Applet []
chemistry/leftindleft and right indices and exponents []
chemistry/molarmassMolar Mass []
chemistry/moldrawDessin en flydraw ou en canvasdraw de la mol閏ule []
chemistry/moleculePeriodic table []
chemistry/newmanNewman projection []
chemistry/reactiondrawDessin en canvasdraw d'une r閍ction []


circuits
Output
circuits/complistList available circuit components []
circuits/compposComponent position information of a circuit type. []
circuits/drawDraw circuit scheme according a circuit type. []
circuits/drawcompDraw circuit components according to a circuit type. []
circuits/drawwireDraw the fixed circuit wiring of a given circuit type. []
circuits/rangeSize and range information of a circuit type. []


coding
Output
coding/editorWYSIWYG code editor []
coding/runcodeRun code []


data
Output
data/columnsortSort data according to a column []
data/randlineTake a random line of a data file []
data/randomRandomly selects a number of (different) objects []
data/randrecTake a random field of a record file []


draw
Output
draw/balanceBalance (Roberval) []
draw/brokenlinegraphDraw a continuous stepwise affine function from the points where slpe changes []
draw/clockDraw a clock according to given time []
draw/convpixelConversion pixel image coordinates - mathematical coordinates []
draw/dominoDomino []
draw/drtgradueeGraduatied line []
draw/graphvizGraphviz []
draw/graphvizpointsCoordinates of the nodes of a graph by Graphviz []
draw/meterMeter []
draw/polygonRegular polygon []
draw/radar Radar []
draw/randpolygonPolygone quelconque []
draw/rangeRange []
draw/repdroiteComputes the coordinates of extreme points to draw a line in a frame []
draw/repereDraw a coordinate frame []
draw/rosetteDraw a rosette []
draw/thermometerThermometer []


function
Output
function/boundsThe bound of a real function of one variable within an interval [x1,x2] []
function/bounds2The bound of a real function of two variables within a rectangle [x1,x2],[y1,y2] []
function/integrateIndefinite or definite integration of a function of one variable []
function/tabsignesTableau de signes d'une fonction num閞ique []


games
Output
games/chessimageChessboard []


geo2D
Output
geo2D/geogebraGeogebra HTML 5 []
geo2D/jsxgraphPlugin for JSXGraph responsive []
geo2D/offdrawConversion d'un dessin 2D cod� dans la syntaxe off en canvasdraw []
geo2D/polynetDessin d'un patron al閍toire du poly鑔re []
geo2D/squaretileSquare tile []


geo3D
Output
geo3D/3Dviewer3D Viewer []
geo3D/drawPolyedron in flydraw []
geo3D/drawtileLattice of cubes []
geo3D/off2jmolFormat off to xyz []
geo3D/off2xyzFormat off to xyz []
geo3D/polyhedraPolyhedra applet []
geo3D/polyhedradualPolyhedra applet and its dual []
geo3D/polynetPatron d'un poly鑔re en 3D []


graph
Output
graph/connexcomponentConnex component of a vertex in a graph []
graph/connexityConnex components of a simple graph []
graph/distanceMatrix of diameter of a graph []
graph/drawGraph draw []
graph/drawccGraph draw with one colored connex component []
graph/drawtreeTree draw []
graph/gptOriented graph without circuit []
graph/graphvizGraphviz []
graph/pathPath of a graph []
graph/randomconnexrandom connex graph []
graph/randomeulerrandom eulerian graph []
graph/randtreeRandom tree []
graph/shortpathShortest path of a graph []


graphpaper
Output
graphpaper/correct_milliGraphic paper sheet with red correct plot preloaded []
graphpaper/funcOne function plot, ready to append to a previously made graph paper []
graphpaper/func_milliGraphic paper sheet with function plot and red correct plot preloaded []
graphpaper/imgpointsUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/millimetreGraphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/stringsPrepare strings to be written on a graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/tographUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []
graphpaper/whereclickUtility for a clickable graphic paper sheet []


lang
Output
lang/enword2ipaIPA transcription of english words []
lang/epd2ipaIPA transcription according to epd ascii codage (for english) []
lang/fnameA random firstname []
lang/fraccordAccord of French adjectives and names []
lang/frapostropheApostrophe reduction of a French text []
lang/frartdefTransform a French noun into definite form []
lang/frcodcoiFind a random complement of a French verb []
lang/frverbconjThe conjugation of a French verb []
lang/imagesImages in some datamodule []
lang/itdetermartItalian "articolo determinativo" []
lang/randomwordOutput random words in the dictionary []
lang/sampa2ipaIPA transcription according to Sampa Ascii codage (for english) []
lang/swacInsertion of words (audio) from the swac packs []


life
Output
life/frcommodityGive a random commodity with given price, French []


list
Output
list/selshufSelective shuffle []


matrix
Output
matrix/concateconcatenation []
matrix/detThe determinant of a square matrix []
matrix/givenrankGenerates a random matrix of given rank []
matrix/inverseThe inverse of a square matrix []
matrix/invertibleGenerates a random invertible matrix []
matrix/itriangularGenerates a random invertible triangular matrix []
matrix/non0Generates a random matrix with non-zero coefficients []
matrix/orthogonalGenerates a random orthogonal matrix []
matrix/randomGenerates a random matrix []
matrix/traceThe trace of a square matrix []
matrix/transposeThe transpose of a matrix []
matrix/triangularGenerates a random triangular matrix []
matrix/unimodularGenerates a random unimodular matrix []


media
Output
media/audioAudio insertion []
media/dewplayerAudio insertion with dewplayer []
media/playerAudio insertion with hbs_mp3_player []
media/player_mp3_multiAudio insertion with player_mp3_multi []
media/videoVideo insertion []


nuclear
Output
nuclear/nucleideData about nucleides, or LaTeX typesetting []
nuclear/reactionTypesetting nuclear reactions from plain text formulas []


numeration
Output
numeration/babylonienEcriture Babylonienne d'un nombre entier []
numeration/baseblockBase blocks in numeration []
numeration/basepPassage de la base dix vers la base p. []
numeration/ecriturelettreWriting of a number in letters. []
numeration/ecriturenombreWriting a number with grouping the numbers by three. []
numeration/egyptienEcriture Egyptienne d'un nombre entier []
numeration/romainNum閞ation romaine []


oef
Output
oef/blankBlank []
oef/codelimOEF code length limit register []
oef/codenameRegister OEF code reply name allow/deny []
oef/envGet an OEF environment variable []
oef/insfilenameOutput the file name of the last insert []
oef/newfileSave a text in a file []
oef/postsrcOEF code input postpender []
oef/presrcOEF code input prepender []
oef/sortorderSort order []


polynomial
Output
polynomial/randomRandom polynomial []


set
Output
set/subsetSubsets of a set []


stat
Output
stat/1dComputes 1-dimensional statistical data []
stat/arithmeanArithmetic mean of statistical data []
stat/betaGeneration of beta random data []
stat/betacdfCumulative distribution function of a Beta law []
stat/betainvQuantiles of a Beta law []
stat/betapdfProbability density function of a Beta law []
stat/binomialGeneration of binomial random data []
stat/binomialcdfcumulative distribution function of Binomial law []
stat/binomialinvQuantile of Binomial law []
stat/binomialpdfProbability density function of the binomial law []
stat/boxplotBox plot []
stat/cauchyGeneration of Cauchy random data []
stat/cauchycdfCumulative distribution function of Cauchy law []
stat/cauchyinvQuantile of Cauchy law []
stat/cauchypdfProbability density function of Cauchy law []
stat/chi2Generation of chi-square random data []
stat/chi2cdfChi-square cumulative distribution function []
stat/chi2invQuantile of a chi-square distribution []
stat/chi2pdf Chi-square probability density function []
stat/correlationMatrix of correlation []
stat/covarianceMatrix of covariance []
stat/deviationDeviation of statistical data []
stat/discretelawGeneration of a discrete law with nonnegative coefficients []
stat/effectifEffectifs of statistical series in classes []
stat/empiricGeneration of random numbers with a discrete law []
stat/exponentialGeneration of exponential random numbers []
stat/exponentialcdfCumulative distribution function of exponential law []
stat/exponentialinvQuantile of exponential law []
stat/exponentialpdfProbability density function of exponential law []
stat/fisherGeneration of Fisher random data []
stat/fishercdfFisher cumulative distribution function. []
stat/fisherinvQuantiles of a Fisher law (also called F-distribution) []
stat/fisherpdfFisher probability density function []
stat/freqFrequencies of statistical data []
stat/gammaGeneration of Gamma random data []
stat/gammacdfCumulative distribution function of Gamma law []
stat/gammainvQuantile of a Gamma distribution []
stat/gammapdfGamma probability density function []
stat/geomeanGeometric mean of data []
stat/geometricGeneration of random data with a Geometric distribution on N []
stat/geometric1Generation of random data with a Geometric distribution on N* []
stat/geometric1cdf Cumulative distribution function of a Geometric distribution on N* []
stat/geometric1invQuantiles of a Geometric law on N* []
stat/geometric1pdfProbability density function of a Geometric law on N* []
stat/geometriccdfCumulative distribution function of a Geometric law on N []
stat/geometricinvQuantiles of a Geometric law on N []
stat/geometricpdfProbability density function of geometric law on N []
stat/harmonicHarmonic mean of statistical data []
stat/histoHistogram []
stat/hypergeometricGeneration of Hypergeometric random data []
stat/hypergeometriccdfCumulative distribution function of a hypergeometric law []
stat/hypergeometricinvQuantile of hypergeometric law inverse []
stat/hypergeometricpdfProbability density function of a Hypergeometric law []
stat/laplaceGeneration of Laplace random data []
stat/laplacecdf Laplace cumulative distribution function []
stat/laplaceinvQuantiles of the Laplace law []
stat/laplacepdfLaplace probability density function []
stat/linearcongGeneration of linear congruential random integers []
stat/logisticGeneration of logistic random data []
stat/logisticcdfLogistic cumulative distribution function []
stat/logisticinvQuantile of the logistic law []
stat/logisticpdfProbability density function of the logistic law []
stat/lognormalGeneration of lognormal random data []
stat/lognormalcdfCumulative distribution function of log-normal law []
stat/lognormalinvQuantile of log-normal law []
stat/lognormalpdfProbability density function of log-normal law []
stat/medianData median []
stat/multinomialGeneration of multinomial random data []
stat/nbinGeneration of Negative binomial random data []
stat/nbincdfCumulative distribution function of the Negative Binomial law []
stat/nbininvQuantile of a Negative Binomial law. []
stat/nbinpdfProbability density function of a Negative Binomial law []
stat/normalGeneration of Gaussian random data []
stat/normalcdfCumulative distribution function of the normal distribution []
stat/normalinvQuantile of the normal law []
stat/normalpdfProbability density function of the normal law []
stat/pascalGeneration of Pascal random data []
stat/pascalcdfCumulative distribution function of the Pascal law []
stat/pascalinvQuantile of a Pascal law. []
stat/pascalpdfProbability density function of a Pascal law []
stat/piechart Pie chart []
stat/poissonGeneration of random numbers with Poisson law []
stat/poissoncdf Poisson cumulative distribution function []
stat/poissoninvQuantile of a Poisson law []
stat/poissonpdfProbability density function of a Poisson law []
stat/posdiscretelawGeneration of a discrete law with positive coefficients []
stat/prodProduct of data []
stat/quadraticQuadratic mean []
stat/quantileQuantile []
stat/randomGeneration of random numbers []
stat/rangeData range []
stat/studentGeneration of Student random data []
stat/studentcdfStudent cumulative distribution function []
stat/studentinvQuantile of a Student law []
stat/studentpdfProbability density function of a Student law []
stat/sumData sum []
stat/varianceVariance []
stat/weibullGeneration of Weibull random data []
stat/weibullcdfCumulative distribution function of Weibull law []
stat/weibullinvQuantile of Weibull law []
stat/weibullpdfProbability density function of Weibull law []


text
Output
text/approximationCalculate an approximation interval for a given real []
text/balloonTalking Balloons (Cartoon style) []
text/cdecommentExtract comment from a c source code. []
text/comblinSimplify a linear combination []
text/crosswordCrossword []
text/cutchoice2Cut out embedded choices for OEF []
text/cutchoicesCut out embedded choices for OEF []
text/markerrorFor marking words with mistake []
text/markgroupFor marking group of words with given explanation []
text/marktextTexte for use with type mark for OEF (word) []
text/marktextpartialFor marking some words with given explanation []
text/markwordFor use with type mark in OEF []
text/matrixhtmlTransform a matrix into html matrix (table). []
text/matrixinsertInsert a coefficient in a matrix []
text/matrixtex Matrix in Latex []
text/maximamatrixTransform a matrix to maxima format []
text/octavematrixTransform an octave output matrix into standard format []
text/sigunitsMake a representation of a physical quantity with a given number of significative digits []
text/spiraleWrite on a spirale []
text/whitespaceReplace white spaces []


triplerelation
Output
triplerelation/tabularDouble entry table for training to relations between three quantities []


utilities
Output
utilities/dateDate []
utilities/mathcalcMathcalc []
utilities/nopasteNo copy-paste []
utilities/notepadNotepad []
utilities/tooltipTooltip containing an html text which appears when the mouse points on a word. []
utilities/trigo-calcInline Trigonometric calculator []

目录

外部软件包界面

本文件尚未完成 ... WIMS 提供一些必须单独安装的软件包的界面.
pari
PARI 团队
http://pari.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/
用途 PARI/GP 是一个范围广泛的形式计算系统, 设计用于快速算术计算 (因子分解, 数的代数理论, 椭圆曲线...), 有大量函数用于矩阵计算, 有限展开, 代数数等, 也有许多超越函数.


maxima
http://maxima.sourceforge.net/
用途 Maxima 是处理符号及数值表达式的系统, 包含微分, 积分, Taylor级数, Laplace变换, 常微分方程, 线性方程组, 多项式, 集合, 列表, 向量, 矩阵及张量. Maxima 通过使用精确分数, 任意精度整数以及变精度浮点数的方法可以得到高精度的数值结果.


graphviz
创作团队
http://www.graphviz.org/
用途 图的视觉化(graphviz)可用来显示抽象图及网络的结构信息. 可用于软件工程, 数据库及网络设计, 许多领域的视觉界面等.


gap
GAP 团队
http://www.gap-system.org/
用途 GAP 是离散代数的计算系统, 特别注重计算群论. GAP 提供一种程序语言, 几千个以 GAP 语言写成的由代数算法移植的函数, 以及巨大的代数对象数据库. GAP 可用于群及其表示, 环, 向量空间, 代数, 组合结构等的科研与教学.


float_calc,integer_calc
http://www.gnu.org/software/bc/
用途 interface to bc ; bc -l


yacas
创作团队
http://yacas.sourceforge.net/homepage.html
用途 YACAS 是易于使用的计算代数系统, 用于数学表达式的符号操作. 它使用针对符号及任意精度的数值计算的自有语言. 系统有一个移植了许多符号代数算法的脚本库, 还可以添加新的算法到库中. YACAS 自带的文件涵盖了所使用的脚本语言, 函数以及算法.


jmol
用途


geogebra
用途

WIMS 内部软件


checkmol
Norbert Haider, norbert.haider@univie.ac.at, modified by Ernst-Georg Schmid
用途
输入数据
输出数据
例


curvecomp
Xiao Gang
用途 比较两条曲线
输入数据 输入参数: 环境.
w_curvecomp_1 and w_curvecomp_2: 欲比较的曲线, 作为点的列表.
w_curvecomp_xrange and w_curvecomp_yrange: 两个整数, 比较的范围
w_curvecomp_tolerance: 距离比较的容许误差.
输出数据 输出: 以空格分隔的 10 个双精度数:
- 曲线 1 关于曲线 2 的平均距离.
- 曲线 2 关于曲线 1 的平均距离.
- 曲线 1 关于曲线 2 的最大距离.
- 曲线 2 关于曲线 1 的最大距离.
- 曲线 1 接近曲线 2 的比例.
- 曲线 2 接近曲线 1 的比例.
- 曲线 1 的最大跳跃.
- 曲线 2 的最大跳跃.
- 曲线 1 的重复比.
第 10 个数: 曲线 2 的重复比.
此外, 如曲线 2 表示为 x (与/或 y) 的函数图像, 则将出现 "fnofx" 与/或 "fnofy".
当其中一条曲线退化时, 返回空.
例 
curvecomp_1=0,92,1,92,2,92,3,92
curvecomp_2=46,41,48,41,50,45
curvecomp_tolerance=40
curvecomp_xrange=11,208
curvecomp_yrange=0,220
curvecomp


cyclicode
Xiao Gang
用途 此程序从一个素数域上的多项式生成循环码. 它并不检验此多项式是否本原或不可约.
输入数据 可接受的参数: 3 个词
第 1 个词: 域的特征, 限于 2,3,5,7
第 2 个词: 多项式的系数 (除首项系数外, 从低次到高次).
第 3 个词: 初始状态 (从第一个 bit 开始).
输出数据
例 

cyclicode 3 22 10


dicfind
Xiao Gang
用途 用于 adm 模块
输入数据
输出数据
例


dicsort
Xiao Gang
用途 词典排序
输入数据 用于 adm 模块
输出数据
例


huffman
Xiao Gang
用途 本程序利用 Huffman 算法在给出的概率分布下计算最佳的可变长度码.
输入数据 两个环境变量
wims_exec_parm 是用逗号分隔的概率分布表
最大项数是 MAX_ITEMS
输入的数据将被缩放到总和等于 1
w_huffman_radix 是编码的基数, 取值 2 到 MAX_RADIX.
输出数据 两行
第 1 行: 以逗号分隔的平均码长的熵
第 2 行: 以逗号分隔的码表.
例 
huffman_radix=4
huffman 0.16, 0.39, 0.55


lceb
Lucas Nussbaum
用途 游戏
输入数据 7 个整数
输出数据 如何从后面 6 个数利用加减乘除得到第一个数
例 

lceb 598 6 8 2 5 10 12


matchmol
Norbert Haider, norbert.haider@univie.ac.at, modified by Ernst-Georg Schmid
用途
输入数据
输出数据
例


mathexp
Xiao Gang
用途 WIMS 使用的数学表达式
输入数据
输出数据
例


moneyprint
J.M. Evers
用途 prints a number with fixed amount of decimal places
输入数据 Usage:!exec moneyprint number1,number2,number3,....number_n decimal_places
or !exec moneyprint number1,number2,number3;....number_n decimal_places
\text{A=wims(exec moneyprint number1,number2,number3....number_n decimal_places)}
default value "decimal_places = 2"
A=!exec moneyprint 123,43.5,23.45665
A=123.00,43.50,23.47
A=!exec moneyprint 1.000,6.234;8.4567
A=1.00,6.23;8.46
or specified a last "word"
A=!exec moneyprint 123,43.5,23.45665 3
A=123.000,43.500,23.457
输出数据
例


msg2wims
Xiao Gang
用途 transforms a text in a file and save it in another file (administrative module). Transforms some commands of the form \ in wims equivalence. By default, the commands are \(\) (replace by !insmath) and translation in html of $, !, (to complete). More commands can be translated by the configuration of the variable msg2wims_primitives. Usage:!sh cd $wims_home; bin/msg2wims file_in > file_out
输入数据 name of a file
输出数据 modified text of the input file
例


oncechar
Xiao Gang
用途 This special program selects words composed by selected characters, each selected character being used at most once in the word. Used in the shell script public_html/bin/dicfind
输入数据 Selected characters are entered by the env var 'oncechar'. Words entered by stdin. Output to stdout.
输出数据
例


scienceprint
J.M. Evers
用途 Prints a number in scientific notation.
输入数据 Usage: !exec scienceprint number,significant_digits,output_type
\text{A=wims(exec scienceprint number,significant_digits,output_type )}
output_type can be
  • 0 : calculating format : 1.234*10^-4
  • 1 : html format :1.234×10-4
  • 2 : latex format : 1.234\times10^{-4}
  • 3 : prefix format : 1.234×10-1 m
  • 4 : mathml format : 1.234×10-4
  • 5 : long prefix format : 1.234×10-1 milli
输出数据
例


shortpath
Xiao Gang
用途 找出连接给定点的最短路径
输入数据 wims_exec_parm 是 ... . w_shortpath_style : 0: 返回起点
1: 任意不闭合的路径
2: 指定起点的不闭合路径
3: 指定终点的不闭合路径
4: 指定起点与终点的不闭合路径
输出数据
例 
shortpath_style=0
shortpath 1,3
5,1
3,4
1,1
3,1
4,5


translator
Xiao Gang
用途 根据词典直译
输入数据 用于 adm 模块
输出数据
例


voronoi
Steve J. Fortune
用途 计算 Voronoi 图或 Delaunay 三角化. 从标准输入读入平面点集, 然后从标准输出写出 Voronoi 图或 Delaunay 三角化.
输入数据 每个输入行由两个用空格分隔的实数构成.
输出数据 如果使用了选项 -t, 则生成 Delaunay 三角化. 每个输出行都是三元组 i j k 它们是 Delaunay 三角化里三个点的标号.
从 0 开始计数.
如果此选项不出现, 则生成 Voronoi 图.
有四种输出记录类型.
s a b 表示此坐标的输入点 l a b c 表示方程为 ax + by = c 的直线.
v a b 表示在 a b 的顶点.
e l v1 v2 表示一个 Voronoi 段(segment), 它是第 l 条直线的子段; 端点编号为 v1 与 v2.
如 v1 或 v2 是 -1, 表示直线伸展至无限.
例 

voronoi -t 5 7
2 8
7 6
3 5
1 2
8 1
4 3
6 4

目录

本文件尚未完成 ...

许多开源的 Java 小工具(applets) 略作修改就能用于 WIMS.
例如，WIMS 可以动态地设置小工具, 学生在小工具里的活动被读取并送回 WIMS 作为回答. (通过 java 脚本)
Zirkel/CaR
R. Grothmann (Zirkel 圆规直尺)
WIMS 里采用了略加修改的 Zirkel.
Use 如何在互动练习中使用此小工具请参见 : wimsedu 论坛


SketchEl/WIMSchem
Alex M. Clark (SketchEl
在一些化学模块里使用了修改后的 SketchEl, 称为 WIMSchem.
Use 可用于 OEF 的回答类型.

Chemistry Input applet
J.M. Evers
为 WIMS 开发的小工具. 化学式与方程的典型线性输入如 (H2O)
Use 用于化学模块.

FlyApplet
J.M. Evers
为 WIMS 开发的小工具. 使用类似 fly (insdraw) 程序的语法. 可兼容 LaTeX.
Use 用于 (互动) 图像生成及 (函数) 图像

JCM
David Eck (eck@hws.edu).
著名的 小工具包.
Use 略作修改以在 WIMS 下工作.

Plinko /Plinko-II
Dr. D.P. Little
这些 小工具 的概况.
Use 两个 Galton board 小工具.把实验数据送到 WIMS.

MathView
JOME (Java OpenMath Editor)
经修改适用于 WIMS 的小工具.
Use 可设置的数学输入小工具.

WClock
J.M. Evers
模拟或数字时钟.
Use 可通过 wims/random/student 设置. 把时间送回 WIMS

Ptolomy/Plot
Edward A. Lee, Christopher Brooks
数据描图. 经修改后能从 WIMS 服务器的 datafiles/functions 里读取数据并作出函数图像.
Use 极快速, 不过不能互动,

目录

由于 WIMS 不能识别您的浏览器, 本页不能正常显示.
为了进入 WIMS 服务器, 您的浏览器必须支持 forms. 为测试您正在使用的浏览器, 请在此键入 wims: 再按回车.

请注意: WIMS 的网页是交互式的: 它们不是通常的 HTML 文件. 只能在线交互地 使用. 您用自动化程序收集的网页是无用的.